A bond rating is a credit risk evaluation. There are three major rating agencies for municipal bonds: Moody's Investors Service, S&P Global (formerly Standard & Poor's) and Fitch Ratings. Oakland County uses S&P Global and Moody's, which rate over 80% of all bonds. 

In assigning a rating for general obligation bonds the rating agencies assess the following factors: local economy; debt structure; financial condition; demographic factors; management practices of the governing body and administration.

To provide an example of what the ratings mean, Moody's "investment grade" ratings (ratings in the Baa category or higher in contrast to lower rated issues that are considered speculative) are described below.

“Aaa” - Issuers or issues rated Aaa demonstrate the strongest creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues. 

“Aa” - Issuers or issues rated Aa demonstrate very strong creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues. 

“A” - Issuers or issues rated A present above-average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.  

“Baa” - Issuers or issues rated Baa represent average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.

Oakland County’s top AAA/Aaa bond rating allows the county to borrow at the lowest possible interest rate, saving county taxpayers millions of dollars in future costs.

Further improvements are being made to the county's financial and budget processes, including bipartisan adoption of a balanced three-year budget and adoption of a revised Fund Balance Policy, to ensure Oakland County continues to maintain the highest credit rating. 

For more information, visit the Department of Management and Budget.